/* -*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 4; tab-width: 4 -*- * speedmine, Copyright (C) 2001 Conrad Parker * * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its * documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that * the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting * documentation. No representations are made about the suitability of this * software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or * implied warranty. */ /* * Written mostly over the Easter holiday, 2001. Psychedelic option due to * a night at Home nightclub, Sydney. Three all-nighters of solid partying * were involved in the week this hack was written. * * Happy Birthday to WierdArms (17 April) and Pat (18 April) */ /* * Hacking notes * * This program generates a rectangular terrain grid and maps this onto * a semi-circular tunnel. The terrain has length TERRAIN_LENGTH, which * corresponds to length along the tunnel, and breadth TERRAIN_BREADTH, * which corresponds to circumference around the tunnel. For each frame, * the tunnel is perspective mapped onto a set of X and Y screen values. * * Throughout this code the following temporary variable names are used: * * i iterates along the tunnel in the direction of travel * j iterates around the tunnel clockwise * t iterates along the length of the perspective mapped values * from the furthest to the nearest * * Thus, the buffers are used with these iterators: * * terrain[i][j] terrain map * worldx[i][j], worldy[i][j] world coordinates (after wrapping) * {x,y,z}curvature[i] tunnel curvature * wideness[i] tunnel wideness * bonuses[i] bonus values * * xvals[t][j], yvals[t][j] screen coordinates * {min,max}{x,y}[t] bounding boxes of screen coords */ /* Define or undefine NDEBUG to turn assert and abort debugging off or on */ #define NDEBUG #include #include #include "screenhack.h" #include "erase.h" #define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b)) #define MAX(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b)) #define RAND(r) (int)(((r)>0)?(random() % (long)(r)): -(random() % (long)(-r))) #define SIGN3(a) ((a)>0?1:((a)<0?-1:0)) #define MODULO(a,b) while ((a)<0) (a)+=(b); (a) %= (b); static Display * display; static Pixmap dbuf, stars_mask; static Colormap cmap; static unsigned int default_fg_pixel; static GC draw_gc, erase_gc, tunnelend_gc, stars_gc, stars_erase_gc; /* No. of shades of each color (ground, walls, bonuses) */ #define MAX_COLORS 32 static int ncolors, nr_ground_colors, nr_wall_colors, nr_bonus_colors; static XColor ground_colors[MAX_COLORS], wall_colors[MAX_COLORS]; static XColor bonus_colors[MAX_COLORS]; static GC ground_gcs[MAX_COLORS], wall_gcs[MAX_COLORS], bonus_gcs[MAX_COLORS]; static int be_wormy; static int width, height; static int delay; static int smoothness; static int verbose_flag; static int wire_flag; static int terrain_flag; static int widening_flag; static int bumps_flag; static int bonuses_flag; static int crosshair_flag; static int psychedelic_flag; #ifdef NDEBUG #define DEBUG_FLAG 0 #else #define DEBUG_FLAG 1 #endif static double maxspeed; static double thrust, gravity; static double vertigo; static double curviness; static double twistiness; static double pos=0.0; static double speed=-1.1; static double accel=0.00000001; static double step=0.0; #define FORWARDS 1 #define BACKWARDS -1 static int direction = FORWARDS; static int pindex=0, nearest=0; static int flipped_at=0; static int xoffset=0, yoffset=0; static int bonus_bright = 0; static int wire_bonus=0; #define wireframe (wire_flag||wire_bonus>8||wire_bonus%2==1) static double speed_bonus=0.0; #define effective_speed (direction*(speed+speed_bonus)) static int spin_bonus = 0; static int backwards_bonus = 0; /* No. of levels of interpolation, for perspective */ #define INTERP 32 /* These must be powers of 2 */ #define TERRAIN_LENGTH 256 #define TERRAIN_BREADTH 32 /* total "perspective distance" of terrain */ #define TERRAIN_PDIST (INTERP*TERRAIN_LENGTH) #define ROTS 1024 #define TB_MUL (ROTS/TERRAIN_BREADTH) static double sintab[ROTS], costab[ROTS]; static int orientation = (17*ROTS)/22; static int terrain[TERRAIN_LENGTH][TERRAIN_BREADTH]; static double xcurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static double ycurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static double zcurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static int wideness[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static int bonuses[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static int xvals[TERRAIN_LENGTH][TERRAIN_BREADTH]; static int yvals[TERRAIN_LENGTH][TERRAIN_BREADTH]; static double worldx[TERRAIN_LENGTH][TERRAIN_BREADTH]; static double worldy[TERRAIN_LENGTH][TERRAIN_BREADTH]; static int minx[TERRAIN_LENGTH], maxx[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; static int miny[TERRAIN_LENGTH], maxy[TERRAIN_LENGTH]; #define random_elevation() (terrain_flag?(random() % 200):0) #define random_curvature() (curviness>0.0?((double)(random() % 40)-20)*curviness:0.0) #define random_twist() (twistiness>0.0?((double)(random() % 40)-20)*twistiness:0.0) #define random_wideness() (widening_flag?(int)(random() % 1200):0) #define STEEL_ELEVATION 300 /* a forward declaration ... */ static void change_colors(void); #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY static int total_nframes = 0; static int nframes = 0; static double fps = 0.0; static double fps_start, fps_end; static struct timeval start_time; /* * get_time () * * returns the total time elapsed since the beginning of the demo */ static double get_time(void) { struct timeval t; float f; #if GETTIMEOFDAY_TWO_ARGS gettimeofday(&t, NULL); #else gettimeofday(&t); #endif t.tv_sec -= start_time.tv_sec; f = ((double)t.tv_sec) + t.tv_usec*1e-6; return f; } /* * init_time () * * initialises the timing structures */ static void init_time(void) { #if GETTIMEOFDAY_TWO_ARGS gettimeofday(&start_time, NULL); #else gettimeofday(&start_time); #endif fps_start = get_time(); } #endif /* * perspective() * * perspective map the world coordinates worldx[i][j], worldy[i][j] onto * screen coordinates xvals[t][j], yvals[t][j] */ static void perspective (void) { static int rotation_offset=0; int i, j, jj, t=0, depth, view_pos; int rotation_bias, r; double xc=0.0, yc=0.0, zc=0.0; double xcc=0.0, ycc=0.0, zcc=0.0; double xx, yy; double zfactor, zf; zf = 8.0*28.0 / (double)(width*TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (be_wormy) zf *= 3.0; depth = TERRAIN_PDIST - INTERP + pindex; view_pos = (nearest+3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4)%TERRAIN_LENGTH; xoffset += - xcurvature[view_pos]*curviness/8; xoffset /= 2; yoffset += - ycurvature[view_pos]*curviness/4; yoffset /= 2; rotation_offset += (int)((zcurvature[view_pos]-zcurvature[nearest])*ROTS/8); rotation_offset /= 2; rotation_bias = orientation + spin_bonus - rotation_offset; if (bumps_flag) { if (be_wormy) { yoffset -= ((terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4] * width /(8*1600))); rotation_bias += (terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4+2] - terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4-2])/8; } else { yoffset -= ((terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4] * width /(2*1600))); rotation_bias += (terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4+2] - terrain[view_pos][TERRAIN_BREADTH/4-2])/16; } } MODULO(rotation_bias, ROTS); for (t=0; t < TERRAIN_LENGTH; t++) { i = nearest + t; MODULO(i, TERRAIN_LENGTH); xc += xcurvature[i]; yc += ycurvature[i]; zc += zcurvature[i]; xcc += xc; ycc += yc; zcc += zc; maxx[i] = maxy[i] = 0; minx[i] = width; miny[i] = height; } for (t=0; t < TERRAIN_LENGTH; t++) { i = nearest - 1 - t; MODULO(i, TERRAIN_LENGTH); zfactor = (double)depth* (12.0 - TERRAIN_LENGTH/8.0) * zf; for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { jj = direction * j; MODULO(jj, TERRAIN_BREADTH); xx = (worldx[i][jj]-(vertigo*xcc))/zfactor; yy = (worldy[i][j]-(vertigo*ycc))/zfactor; r = rotation_bias + (int)(vertigo*zcc); MODULO(r, ROTS); xvals[t][j] = xoffset + width/2 + (int)(xx * costab[r] - yy * sintab[r]); maxx[t] = MAX(maxx[t], xvals[t][j]); minx[t] = MIN(minx[t], xvals[t][j]); yvals[t][j] = yoffset + height/2 + (int)(xx * sintab[r] + yy * costab[r]); maxy[t] = MAX(maxy[t], yvals[t][j]); miny[t] = MIN(miny[t], yvals[t][j]); } xcc -= xc; ycc -= yc; zcc -= zc; xc -= xcurvature[i]; yc -= ycurvature[i]; zc -= zcurvature[i]; depth -= INTERP; } } /* * wrap_tunnel (start, end) * * wrap the terrain terrain[i][j] around the semi-circular tunnel function * * x' = x/2 * cos(theta) - (y-k) * x * sin(theta) * y' = x/4 * sin(theta) + y * cos(theta) * * between i=start and i=end inclusive, producing world coordinates * worldx[i][j], worldy[i][j] */ static void wrap_tunnel (int start, int end) { int i, j, v; double x, y; assert (start < end); for (i=start; i <= end; i++) { for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { x = j * (1.0/TERRAIN_BREADTH); v = terrain[i][j]; y = (double)(v==STEEL_ELEVATION?200:v) - wideness[i] - 1200; /* lower road */ if (j > TERRAIN_BREADTH/8 && j < 3*TERRAIN_BREADTH/8) y -= 300; worldx[i][j] = x/2 * costab[j*TB_MUL] - (y-height/4.0)*x*sintab[j*TB_MUL]; worldy[i][j] = x/4 * sintab[j*TB_MUL] + y * costab[j*TB_MUL]; } } } /* * flip_direction() * * perform the state transitions and terrain transformation for the * "look backwards/look forwards" bonus */ static void flip_direction (void) { int i, ip, in, j, t; direction = -direction; bonus_bright = 20; for (i=0; i < TERRAIN_LENGTH; i++) { in = nearest + i; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_BREADTH); ip = nearest - i; MODULO(ip, TERRAIN_BREADTH); for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { t = terrain[ip][j]; terrain[ip][j] = terrain[in][j]; terrain[in][j] = t; } } } /* * generate_smooth (start, end) * * generate smooth terrain between i=start and i=end inclusive */ static void generate_smooth (int start, int end) { int i,j, ii; assert (start < end); for (i=start; i <= end; i++) { ii = i; MODULO(ii, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { terrain[i][j] = STEEL_ELEVATION; } } } /* * generate_straight (start, end) * * zero the curvature and wideness between i=start and i=end inclusive */ static void generate_straight (int start, int end) { int i,j, ii; assert (start < end); for (i=start; i <= end; i++) { ii = i; MODULO(ii, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { xcurvature[ii] = 0; ycurvature[ii] = 0; zcurvature[ii] = 0; wideness[ii] = 0; } } } /* * int generate_terrain_value (v1, v2, v3, v4, w) * * generate terrain value near the average of v1, v2, v3, v4, with * perturbation proportional to w */ static int generate_terrain_value (int v1, int v2, int v3, int v4, int w) { int sum, ret; int rval; if (!terrain_flag) return 0; sum = v1 + v2 + v3 + v4; rval = w*sum/smoothness; if (rval == 0) rval = 2; ret = (sum/4 -(rval/2) + RAND(rval)); if (ret < -400 || ret > 400) { ret = sum/4; } return ret; } /* * generate_terrain (start, end, final) * * generate terrain[i][j] between i=start and i=end inclusive * * This is performed by successive subdivision of the terrain into * rectangles of decreasing size. Subdivision continues until the * the minimum width or height of these rectangles is 'final'; ie. * final=1 indicates to subdivide as far as possible, final=2 indicates * to stop one subdivision before that (leaving a checkerboard pattern * uncalculated) etc. */ static void generate_terrain (int start, int end, int final) { int i,j,w,l; int ip, jp, in, jn; /* prev, next values */ int diff; assert (start < end); assert (start >= 0 && start < TERRAIN_LENGTH); assert (end >= 0 && end < TERRAIN_LENGTH); diff = end - start + 1; terrain[end][0] = random_elevation(); terrain[end][TERRAIN_BREADTH/2] = random_elevation(); for (w= diff/2, l=TERRAIN_BREADTH/4; w >= final || l >= final; w /= 2, l /= 2) { if (w<1) w=1; if (l<1) l=1; for (i=start+w-1; i < end; i += (w*2)) { ip = i-w; MODULO(ip, TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i+w; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=l-1; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j += (l*2)) { jp = j-1; MODULO(jp, TERRAIN_BREADTH); jn = j+1; MODULO(jn, TERRAIN_BREADTH); terrain[i][j] = generate_terrain_value (terrain[ip][jp], terrain[in][jp], terrain[ip][jn], terrain[in][jn], w); } } for (i=start+(w*2)-1; i < end; i += (w*2)) { ip = i-w; MODULO(ip, TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i+w; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=l-1; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j += (l*2)) { jp = j-1; MODULO(jp, TERRAIN_BREADTH); jn = j+1; MODULO(jn, TERRAIN_BREADTH); terrain[i][j] = generate_terrain_value (terrain[ip][j], terrain[in][j], terrain[i][jp], terrain[i][jn], w); } } for (i=start+w-1; i < end; i += (w*2)) { ip = i-w; MODULO(ip, TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i+w; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=2*l-1; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j += (l*2)) { jp = j-1; MODULO(jp, TERRAIN_BREADTH); jn = j+1; MODULO(jn, TERRAIN_BREADTH); terrain[i][j] = generate_terrain_value (terrain[ip][j], terrain[in][j], terrain[i][jp], terrain[i][jn], w); } } } } /* * double generate_curvature_value (v1, v2, w) * * generate curvature value near the average of v1 and v2, with perturbation * proportional to w */ static double generate_curvature_value (double v1, double v2, int w) { double sum, avg, diff, ret; int rval; assert (!isnan(v1) && !isnan(v2)); sum = v1+v2; avg = sum/2.0; diff = MIN(v1 - avg, v2 - avg); rval = (int)diff * w; if (rval == 0.0) return avg; ret = (avg -((double)rval)/500.0 + ((double)RAND(rval))/1000.0); assert (!isnan(ret)); return ret; } /* * generate_curves (start, end) * * generate xcurvature[i], ycurvature[i], zcurvature[i] and wideness[i] * between start and end inclusive */ static void generate_curves (int start, int end) { int i, diff, ii, in, ip, w; assert (start < end); diff = end - start + 1; MODULO (diff, TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (random() % 100 == 0) xcurvature[end] = 30 * random_curvature(); else if (random() % 10 == 0) xcurvature[end] = 20 * random_curvature(); else xcurvature[end] = 10 * random_curvature(); if (random() % 50 == 0) ycurvature[end] = 20 * random_curvature(); else if (random() % 25 == 0) ycurvature[end] = 30 * random_curvature(); else ycurvature[end] = 10 * random_curvature(); if (random() % 3 == 0) zcurvature[end] = random_twist(); else zcurvature[end] = generate_curvature_value (zcurvature[end], random_twist(), 1); if (be_wormy) wideness[end] = random_wideness(); else wideness[end] = generate_curvature_value (wideness[end], random_wideness(), 1); for (w=diff/2; w >= 1; w /= 2) { for (i=start+w-1; i < end; i+=(w*2)) { ii = i; MODULO (ii, TERRAIN_LENGTH); ip = i-w; MODULO (ip, TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i+w; MODULO (in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); xcurvature[ii] = generate_curvature_value (xcurvature[ip], xcurvature[in], w); ycurvature[ii] = generate_curvature_value (ycurvature[ip], ycurvature[in], w); zcurvature[ii] = generate_curvature_value (zcurvature[ip], zcurvature[in], w); wideness[ii] = generate_curvature_value (wideness[ip], wideness[in], w); } } } /* * do_bonus () * * choose a random bonus and perform its state transition */ static void do_bonus (void) { static int jamming=0; bonus_bright = 20; if (jamming > 0) { jamming--; nearest -= 2; MODULO(nearest, TERRAIN_LENGTH); return; } if (psychedelic_flag) change_colors(); switch (random() % 7) { case 0: /* switch to or from wireframe */ wire_bonus = (wire_bonus?0:300); break; case 1: /* speedup */ speed_bonus = 40.0; break; case 2: spin_bonus += ROTS; break; case 3: spin_bonus -= ROTS; break; case 4: /* look backwards / look forwards */ flipped_at = nearest; flip_direction (); backwards_bonus = (backwards_bonus?0:10); break; case 5: change_colors(); break; case 6: /* jam against the bonus a few times; deja vu! */ nearest -= 2; MODULO(nearest, TERRAIN_LENGTH); jamming = 3; break; default: assert(0); break; } } /* * check_bonus () * * check if a bonus has been passed in the last frame, and handle it */ static void check_bonuses (void) { int i, ii, start, end; if (!bonuses_flag) return; if (step >= 0.0) { start = nearest; end = nearest + (int)floor(step); } else { end = nearest; start = nearest + (int)floor(step); } if (be_wormy) { start += TERRAIN_LENGTH/4; end += TERRAIN_LENGTH/4; } for (i=start; i < end; i++) { ii = i; MODULO(ii, TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (bonuses[ii] == 1) do_bonus (); } } /* * decrement_bonuses (double time_per_frame) * * decrement timers associated with bonuses */ static void decrement_bonuses (double time_per_frame) { if (!bonuses_flag) return; if (bonus_bright > 0) bonus_bright-=4; if (wire_bonus > 0) wire_bonus--; if (speed_bonus > 0) speed_bonus -= 2.0; if (spin_bonus > 10) spin_bonus -= (int)(step*13.7); else if (spin_bonus < -10) spin_bonus += (int)(step*11.3); if (backwards_bonus > 1) backwards_bonus--; else if (backwards_bonus == 1) { nearest += 2*(MAX(flipped_at, nearest) - MIN(flipped_at,nearest)); MODULO(nearest, TERRAIN_LENGTH); flip_direction (); backwards_bonus = 0; } } /* * set_bonuses (start, end) * * choose if to and where to set a bonus between i=start and i=end inclusive */ static void set_bonuses (int start, int end) { int i, diff, ii; if (!bonuses_flag) return; assert (start < end); diff = end - start; for (i=start; i <= end; i++) { ii = i; if (ii>=TERRAIN_LENGTH) ii -= TERRAIN_LENGTH; bonuses[ii] = 0; } if (random() % 4 == 0) { i = start + RAND(diff-3); ii = i; if (ii>=TERRAIN_LENGTH) ii -= TERRAIN_LENGTH; bonuses[ii] = 2; /* marker */ ii = i+3; if (ii>=TERRAIN_LENGTH) ii -= TERRAIN_LENGTH; bonuses[ii] = 1; /* real thing */ } } /* * regenerate_terrain () * * regenerate a portion of the terrain map of length TERRAIN_LENGTH/4 iff * we just passed between two quarters of the terrain. * * choose the kind of terrain to produce, produce it and wrap the tunnel */ static void regenerate_terrain (void) { int start, end; int passed; passed = nearest % (TERRAIN_LENGTH/4); if (speed == 0.0 || (speed > 0.0 && passed > (int)step) || (speed < 0.0 && (TERRAIN_LENGTH/4)-passed > (int)fabs(step))) { return; } end = nearest - passed - 1; MODULO(end, TERRAIN_LENGTH); start = end - TERRAIN_LENGTH/4 + 1; MODULO(start, TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (DEBUG_FLAG) printf ("Regenerating [%d - %d]\n", start, end); set_bonuses (start, end); switch (random() % 64) { case 0: case 1: generate_terrain (start, end, 1); generate_smooth (start, start + TERRAIN_LENGTH/8 + (random() % TERRAIN_LENGTH/8)); break; case 2: generate_smooth (start, end); generate_terrain (start, end, 4); break; case 3: generate_smooth (start, end); generate_terrain (start, end, 2); break; default: generate_terrain (start, end, 1); } if (random() % 16 == 0) { generate_straight (start, end); } else { generate_curves (start, end); } wrap_tunnel (start, end); } /* * init_terrain () * * initialise the terrain map for the beginning of the demo */ static void init_terrain (void) { int i, j; for (i=0; i < TERRAIN_LENGTH; i++) { for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j++) { terrain[i][j] = 0; } } terrain[TERRAIN_LENGTH-1][0] = - (random() % 300); terrain[TERRAIN_LENGTH-1][TERRAIN_BREADTH/2] = - (random() % 300); generate_smooth (0, TERRAIN_LENGTH-1); generate_terrain (0, TERRAIN_LENGTH/4 -1, 4); generate_terrain (TERRAIN_LENGTH/4, TERRAIN_LENGTH/2 -1, 2); generate_terrain (TERRAIN_LENGTH/2, 3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4 -1, 1); generate_smooth (3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4, TERRAIN_LENGTH-1); } /* * init_curves () * * initialise the curvatures and wideness for the beginning of the demo. */ static void init_curves (void) { int i; for (i=0; i < TERRAIN_LENGTH-1; i++) { xcurvature[i] = 0.0; ycurvature[i] = 0.0; zcurvature[i] = 0.0; } xcurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH-1] = random_curvature(); ycurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH-1] = random_curvature(); zcurvature[TERRAIN_LENGTH-1] = random_twist(); generate_straight (0, TERRAIN_LENGTH/4-1); generate_curves (TERRAIN_LENGTH/4, TERRAIN_LENGTH/2-1); generate_curves (TERRAIN_LENGTH/2, 3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4-1); generate_straight (3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4, TERRAIN_LENGTH-1); } /* * render_quads (dpy, d, t, dt, i) * * renders the quadrilaterals from perspective depth t to t+dt. * i is passed as a hint, where i corresponds to t as asserted. */ static void render_quads (Display * dpy, Drawable d, int t, int dt, int i) { int j, t2, j2, in; int index; XPoint points[4]; GC gc; assert (i == (nearest - (t + dt) + TERRAIN_LENGTH) % TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i + 1; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j+=dt) { t2 = t+dt; if (t2 >= TERRAIN_LENGTH) t2 -= TERRAIN_LENGTH; j2 = j+dt; if (j2 >= TERRAIN_BREADTH) j2 -= TERRAIN_BREADTH; points[0].x = xvals[t][j]; points[0].y = yvals[t][j]; points[1].x = xvals[t2][j]; points[1].y = yvals[t2][j]; points[2].x = xvals[t2][j2]; points[2].y = yvals[t2][j2]; points[3].x = xvals[t][j2]; points[3].y = yvals[t][j2]; index = bonus_bright + ncolors/3 + t*(t*INTERP + pindex) * ncolors / (3*TERRAIN_LENGTH*TERRAIN_PDIST); if (!wireframe) { index += (int)((points[0].y - points[3].y) / 8); index += (int)((worldx[i][j] - worldx[in][j]) / 40); index += (int)((terrain[in][j] - terrain[i][j]) / 100); } if (be_wormy && psychedelic_flag) index += ncolors/4; index = MIN (index, ncolors-1); index = MAX (index, 0); if (bonuses[i]) { XSetClipMask (dpy, bonus_gcs[index], None); } if (wireframe) { if (bonuses[i]) gc = bonus_gcs[index]; else gc = ground_gcs[index]; XDrawLines (dpy, d, gc, points, 4, CoordModeOrigin); } else { if (bonuses[i]) gc = bonus_gcs[index]; else if ((direction>0 && j < TERRAIN_BREADTH/8) || (j > TERRAIN_BREADTH/8 && j < 3*TERRAIN_BREADTH/8-1) || (direction < 0 && j > 3*TERRAIN_BREADTH/8-1 && j < TERRAIN_BREADTH/2) || terrain[i][j] == STEEL_ELEVATION || wideness[in] - wideness[i] > 200) gc = ground_gcs[index]; else gc = wall_gcs[index]; XFillPolygon (dpy, d, gc, points, 4, Nonconvex, CoordModeOrigin); } } } /* * render_pentagons (dpy, d, t, dt, i) * * renders the pentagons from perspective depth t to t+dt. * i is passed as a hint, where i corresponds to t as asserted. */ static void render_pentagons (Display *dpy, Drawable d, int t, int dt, int i) { int j, t2, j2, j3, in; int index; XPoint points[5]; GC gc; assert (i == (nearest -t + TERRAIN_LENGTH) % TERRAIN_LENGTH); in = i + 1; MODULO(in, TERRAIN_LENGTH); for (j=0; j < TERRAIN_BREADTH; j+=dt*2) { t2 = t+(dt*2); if (t2 >= TERRAIN_LENGTH) t2 -= TERRAIN_LENGTH; j2 = j+dt; if (j2 >= TERRAIN_BREADTH) j2 -= TERRAIN_BREADTH; j3 = j+dt+dt; if (j3 >= TERRAIN_BREADTH) j3 -= TERRAIN_BREADTH; points[0].x = xvals[t][j]; points[0].y = yvals[t][j]; points[1].x = xvals[t2][j]; points[1].y = yvals[t2][j]; points[2].x = xvals[t2][j2]; points[2].y = yvals[t2][j2]; points[3].x = xvals[t2][j3]; points[3].y = yvals[t2][j3]; points[4].x = xvals[t][j3]; points[4].y = yvals[t][j3]; index = bonus_bright + ncolors/3 + t*(t*INTERP + pindex) * ncolors / (3*TERRAIN_LENGTH*TERRAIN_PDIST); if (!wireframe) { index += (int)((points[0].y - points[3].y) / 8); index += (int)((worldx[i][j] - worldx[in][j]) / 40); index += (int)((terrain[in][j] - terrain[i][j]) / 100); } if (be_wormy && psychedelic_flag) index += ncolors/4; index = MIN (index, ncolors-1); index = MAX (index, 0); if (bonuses[i]) { XSetClipMask (dpy, bonus_gcs[index], None); } if (wireframe) { if (bonuses[i]) gc = bonus_gcs[index]; else gc = ground_gcs[index]; XDrawLines (dpy, d, gc, points, 5, CoordModeOrigin); } else { if (bonuses[i]) gc = bonus_gcs[index]; else if (j < TERRAIN_BREADTH/8 || (j > TERRAIN_BREADTH/8 && j < 3*TERRAIN_BREADTH/8-1) || terrain[i][j] == STEEL_ELEVATION || wideness[in] - wideness[i] > 200) gc = ground_gcs[index]; else gc = wall_gcs[index]; XFillPolygon (dpy, d, gc, points, 5, Complex, CoordModeOrigin); } } } /* * render_block (dpy, d, gc, t) * * render a filled polygon at perspective depth t using the given GC */ static void render_block (Display * dpy, Drawable d, GC gc, int t) { int i; XPoint erase_points[TERRAIN_BREADTH/2]; for (i=0; i < TERRAIN_BREADTH/2; i++) { erase_points[i].x = xvals[t][i*2]; erase_points[i].y = yvals[t][i*2]; } XFillPolygon (dpy, d, gc, erase_points, TERRAIN_BREADTH/2, Complex, CoordModeOrigin); } /* * regenerate_stars_mask (dpy, t) * * regenerate the clip mask 'stars_mask' for drawing the bonus stars at * random positions within the bounding box at depth t */ static void regenerate_stars_mask (Display * dpy, int t) { int i, w, h, a, b, l1, l2; const int lim = width*TERRAIN_LENGTH/(300*(TERRAIN_LENGTH-t)); w = maxx[t] - minx[t]; h = maxy[t] - miny[t]; if (w<6||h<6) return; XFillRectangle (dpy, stars_mask, stars_erase_gc, 0, 0, width, height); l1 = (t>3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4?2:1); l2 = (t>7*TERRAIN_LENGTH/8?2:1); for (i=0; i < lim; i++) { a = RAND(w); b = RAND(h); XDrawLine (dpy, stars_mask, stars_gc, minx[t]+a-l1, miny[t]+b, minx[t]+a+l1, miny[t]+b); XDrawLine (dpy, stars_mask, stars_gc, minx[t]+a, miny[t]+b-l1, minx[t]+a, miny[t]+b+l1); } for (i=0; i < lim; i++) { a = RAND(w); b = RAND(h); XDrawLine (dpy, stars_mask, stars_gc, minx[t]+a-l2, miny[t]+b, minx[t]+a+l2, miny[t]+b); XDrawLine (dpy, stars_mask, stars_gc, minx[t]+a, miny[t]+b-l2, minx[t]+a, miny[t]+b+l2); } } /* * render_bonus_block (dpy, d, t, i) * * draw the bonus stars at depth t. * i is passed as a hint, where i corresponds to t as asserted. */ static void render_bonus_block (Display * dpy, Drawable d, int t, int i) { int bt; assert (i == (nearest -t + TERRAIN_LENGTH) % TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (!bonuses[i] || wireframe) return; regenerate_stars_mask (dpy, t); bt = t * nr_bonus_colors / (2*TERRAIN_LENGTH); XSetClipMask (dpy, bonus_gcs[bt], stars_mask); render_block (dpy, d, bonus_gcs[bt], t); } static int begin_at (void) { int t; int max_minx=0, min_maxx=width, max_miny=0, min_maxy=height; for (t=TERRAIN_LENGTH-1; t > 0; t--) { max_minx = MAX (max_minx, minx[t]); min_maxx = MIN (min_maxx, maxx[t]); max_miny = MAX (max_miny, miny[t]); min_maxy = MIN (min_maxy, maxy[t]); if (max_miny >= min_maxy || max_minx >= min_maxx) break; } return t; } /* * render_speedmine (dpy, d) * * render the current frame. */ static void render_speedmine (Display * dpy, Drawable d) { int t, i=nearest, dt=1; GC gc; assert (nearest >= 0 && nearest < TERRAIN_LENGTH); if (be_wormy || wireframe) { XFillRectangle (dpy, d, erase_gc, 0, 0, width, height); dt=4; for (t=0; t < TERRAIN_LENGTH/4; t+=dt) { render_bonus_block (dpy, d, t, i); i -= dt; MODULO(i, TERRAIN_LENGTH); render_quads (dpy, d, t, dt, i); } assert (t == TERRAIN_LENGTH/4); } else { t = MAX(begin_at(), TERRAIN_LENGTH/4); /*t = TERRAIN_LENGTH/4; dt = 2; */ dt = (t >= 3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4 ? 1 : 2); i = (nearest -t + TERRAIN_LENGTH) % TERRAIN_LENGTH; render_block (dpy, d, tunnelend_gc, t); } dt=2; if (t == TERRAIN_LENGTH/4) render_pentagons (dpy, d, t, dt, i); for (; t < 3*TERRAIN_LENGTH/4; t+=dt) { render_bonus_block (dpy, d, t, i); i -= dt; MODULO(i, TERRAIN_LENGTH); render_quads (dpy, d, t, dt, i); } dt=1; if (be_wormy) { for (; t < TERRAIN_LENGTH-(1+(pindex= INTERP) { nearest --; pindex -= INTERP; } while (pindex < 0) { nearest ++; pindex += INTERP; } nearest += dpos; MODULO(nearest, TERRAIN_LENGTH); pos -= dpos; accel = thrust + ycurvature[nearest] * gravity; speed += accel; if (speed > maxspeed) speed = maxspeed; if (speed < -maxspeed) speed = -maxspeed; } /* * speedmine (dpy, window) * * do everything required for one frame of the demo */ static void speedmine (Display *dpy, Window window) { double elapsed, time_per_frame = 0.04; regenerate_terrain (); perspective (); render_speedmine (dpy, dbuf); XCopyArea (dpy, dbuf, window, draw_gc, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0); #if HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY fps_end = get_time(); nframes++; total_nframes++; if (fps_end > fps_start + 0.5) { elapsed = fps_end - fps_start; fps_start = get_time(); time_per_frame = elapsed / nframes - delay*1e-6; fps = nframes / elapsed; if (DEBUG_FLAG) { printf ("%f s elapsed\t%3f s/frame\t%.1f FPS\n", elapsed, time_per_frame, fps); } step = effective_speed * elapsed; nframes = 0; } #else time_per_frame = 0.04; step = effective_speed; #endif move (step); decrement_bonuses (time_per_frame); check_bonuses (); } /* * speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, gcs, colors, ncolors, s1, s2, v1, v2) * * generate a color ramp of up to *ncolors between randomly chosen hues, * varying from saturation s1 to s2 and value v1 to v2, placing the colors * in 'colors' and creating corresponding GCs in 'gcs'. * * The number of colors actually allocated is returned in ncolors. */ static void speedmine_color_ramp (Display * dpy, Colormap cmap, GC *gcs, XColor * colors, int *ncolors, double s1, double s2, double v1, double v2) { XGCValues gcv; int h1, h2; unsigned long flags; int i; assert (*ncolors >= 0); assert (s1 >= 0.0 && s1 <= 1.0 && v1 >= 0.0 && v2 <= 1.0); if (psychedelic_flag) { h1 = RAND(360); h2 = (h1 + 180) % 360; } else { h1 = h2 = RAND(360); } make_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, h1, s1, v1, h2, s2, v2, colors, ncolors, False, True, False); flags = GCForeground; for (i=0; i < *ncolors; i++) { gcv.foreground = colors[i].pixel; gcs[i] = XCreateGC (dpy, dbuf, flags, &gcv); } } /* * change_colors () * * perform the color changing bonus. New colors are allocated for the * walls and bonuses, and if the 'psychedelic' option is set then new * colors are also chosen for the ground. */ static void change_colors (void) { double s1, s2; if (psychedelic_flag) { free_colors (display, cmap, bonus_colors, nr_bonus_colors); free_colors (display, cmap, wall_colors, nr_wall_colors); free_colors (display, cmap, ground_colors, nr_ground_colors); ncolors = MAX_COLORS; s1 = 0.4; s2 = 0.9; speedmine_color_ramp (display, cmap, ground_gcs, ground_colors, &ncolors, 0.0, 0.8, 0.0, 0.9); nr_ground_colors = ncolors; } else { free_colors (display, cmap, bonus_colors, nr_bonus_colors); free_colors (display, cmap, wall_colors, nr_wall_colors); ncolors = nr_ground_colors; s1 = 0.0; s2 = 0.6; } speedmine_color_ramp (display, cmap, wall_gcs, wall_colors, &ncolors, s1, s2, 0.0, 0.9); nr_wall_colors = ncolors; speedmine_color_ramp (display, cmap, bonus_gcs, bonus_colors, &ncolors, 0.6, 0.9, 0.4, 1.0); nr_bonus_colors = ncolors; } /* * init_psychedelic_colors (dpy, window, cmap) * * initialise a psychedelic colormap */ static void init_psychedelic_colors (Display * dpy, Window window, Colormap cmap) { XGCValues gcv; gcv.foreground = get_pixel_resource ("tunnelend", "TunnelEnd", dpy, cmap); tunnelend_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, window, GCForeground, &gcv); ncolors = MAX_COLORS; speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, ground_gcs, ground_colors, &ncolors, 0.0, 0.8, 0.0, 0.9); nr_ground_colors = ncolors; speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, wall_gcs, wall_colors, &ncolors, 0.0, 0.6, 0.0, 0.9); nr_wall_colors = ncolors; speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, bonus_gcs, bonus_colors, &ncolors, 0.6, 0.9, 0.4, 1.0); nr_bonus_colors = ncolors; } /* * init_colors (dpy, window, cmap) * * initialise a normal colormap */ static void init_colors (Display * dpy, Window window, Colormap cmap) { XGCValues gcv; XColor dark, light; int h1, h2; double s1, s2, v1, v2; unsigned long flags; int i; gcv.foreground = get_pixel_resource ("tunnelend", "TunnelEnd", dpy, cmap); tunnelend_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, window, GCForeground, &gcv); ncolors = MAX_COLORS; dark.pixel = get_pixel_resource ("darkground", "DarkGround", dpy, cmap); XQueryColor (dpy, cmap, &dark); light.pixel = get_pixel_resource ("lightground", "LightGround", dpy, cmap); XQueryColor (dpy, cmap, &light); rgb_to_hsv (dark.red, dark.green, dark.blue, &h1, &s1, &v1); rgb_to_hsv (light.red, light.green, light.blue, &h2, &s2, &v2); make_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, h1, s1, v1, h2, s2, v2, ground_colors, &ncolors, False, True, False); nr_ground_colors = ncolors; flags = GCForeground; for (i=0; i < ncolors; i++) { gcv.foreground = ground_colors[i].pixel; ground_gcs[i] = XCreateGC (dpy, dbuf, flags, &gcv); } speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, wall_gcs, wall_colors, &ncolors, 0.0, 0.6, 0.0, 0.9); nr_wall_colors = ncolors; speedmine_color_ramp (dpy, cmap, bonus_gcs, bonus_colors, &ncolors, 0.6, 0.9, 0.4, 1.0); nr_bonus_colors = ncolors; } /* * print_stats () * * print out average FPS stats for the demo */ static void print_stats (void) { if (total_nframes >= 1) printf ("Rendered %d frames averaging %f FPS\n", total_nframes, total_nframes / get_time()); } /* * init_speedmine (dpy, window) * * initialise the demo */ static void init_speedmine (Display *dpy, Window window) { XGCValues gcv; XWindowAttributes xgwa; int i; double th; int wide; display = dpy; XGetWindowAttributes (dpy, window, &xgwa); cmap = xgwa.colormap; width = xgwa.width; height = xgwa.height; verbose_flag = get_boolean_resource ("verbose", "Boolean"); dbuf = XCreatePixmap (dpy, window, width, height, xgwa.depth); stars_mask = XCreatePixmap (dpy, window, width, height, 1); gcv.foreground = default_fg_pixel = get_pixel_resource ("foreground", "Foreground", dpy, cmap); draw_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, window, GCForeground, &gcv); stars_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, stars_mask, GCForeground, &gcv); gcv.foreground = get_pixel_resource ("background", "Background", dpy, cmap); erase_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, dbuf, GCForeground, &gcv); stars_erase_gc = XCreateGC (dpy, stars_mask, GCForeground, &gcv); wire_flag = get_boolean_resource ("wire", "Boolean"); psychedelic_flag = get_boolean_resource ("psychedelic", "Boolean"); delay = get_integer_resource("delay", "Integer"); smoothness = get_integer_resource("smoothness", "Integer"); if (smoothness < 1) smoothness = 1; maxspeed = get_float_resource("maxspeed", "Float"); maxspeed *= 0.01; maxspeed = fabs(maxspeed); thrust = get_float_resource("thrust", "Float"); thrust *= 0.2; gravity = get_float_resource("gravity", "Float"); gravity *= 0.002/9.8; vertigo = get_float_resource("vertigo", "Float"); vertigo *= 0.2; curviness = get_float_resource("curviness", "Float"); curviness *= 0.25; twistiness = get_float_resource("twistiness", "Float"); twistiness *= 0.125; terrain_flag = get_boolean_resource ("terrain", "Boolean"); widening_flag = get_boolean_resource ("widening", "Boolean"); bumps_flag = get_boolean_resource ("bumps", "Boolean"); bonuses_flag = get_boolean_resource ("bonuses", "Boolean"); crosshair_flag = get_boolean_resource ("crosshair", "Boolean"); be_wormy = get_boolean_resource ("worm", "Boolean"); if (be_wormy) { maxspeed *= 1.43; thrust *= 10; gravity *= 3; vertigo *= 0.5; smoothness *= 2; curviness *= 2; twistiness *= 2; psychedelic_flag = True; crosshair_flag = False; } if (psychedelic_flag) init_psychedelic_colors (dpy, window, cmap); else init_colors (dpy, window, cmap); for (i=0; i